A table that instructs the operating system which access permissions each user has for a specific object, such as a file or folder. Permissions include the ability to read, write, or execute (if it is executable).

account

An individual Agent subscriber. Accounts are identified by a unique 9-digit account number. An account is established at the Data Center, as a prerequisite to first backup, when the Agent is installed on a computer. Accounts may be queried and modified in Support Center. Account numbers are sometimes presented in a 10-digit format with a check digit in the 6th digit position.

account image

Content from a single account copied to media for recovery purposes. See also DataBundler.

Account Management Web Services API

A tool you can use to create a customized Account Management Website application for registering and managing accounts.

Account Management Website

A customizable, Web-based application that provides users with the ability to register a new account and download the Agent software, view account information, modify their profile information such as their email address and password, recover an account, retrieve files using the MyRoam application, and order images of backed-up files on different types of media (for example, on CDs or DVDs). The Account Management Website is available for version 8.0 and later Agents only.

Account Management Website server

The server on which the Account Management Website is installed. This may be a Data Center server, or a separate Web server designated for hosting Web-based applications.

account password

In Agent versions prior to 8.0, an optional password that may be enabled on an account for an additional layer of security. When enabled, users must specify the account password to Retrieve data or perform Heals. In Agent version 8.0 and later, each account has a password. That password is required to open the Agent user interface for the first time, perform a password-protected Retrieve or Heal, and open the Account Management Website.

Account Recovery

The re-establishment of an existing account when installing or reinstalling the Agent on a computer. This is useful when a user gets a new computer or when the Agent was inadvertently uninstalled from a computer. In Agent versions prior to 8.0, users can choose to reinstall their existing account during the installation. In Agent version 8.0 and later, users can select the Reinstall Agent feature in the Account Management Website to recover their account. Recovering an account ensures that a users' existing backups are accessible. Only one computer can back up to a single account.

account reservation

In Agent version 8.0 and later , a method of reserving accounts in specific communities by generating an account code. When users enter this code during registration, their account is registered within the specified community. This feature replaces ticketing.

ACE

See Agent Configuration Editor.

ACL

See Access Control List.

Advanced Encryption Standard (AES)

An encryption algorithm that provides the highest level of security available for commercial data transactions. The National Institute of Standards in Technology (NIST) wrote the original specification for AES. It was designed to replace the DES and triple-DES encryption standards. When the Agent is configured to use AES encryption, a 16-byte symmetric block cipher with a key size of 128 bits is applied to encrypt the data. AES is just one type of encryption used by the Agent to encrypt account data before it is transmitted to the Data Center. The type of encryption used in an Agent is configured in ACE. See also DES.

Advanced Heal

Optional feature in pre-8.0 versions of the Agent interface that permits a user or administrator to select individual files and registry settings for Heal.

Advanced Intelligent Tape (AIT)

A high volume, high speed magnetic tape technology used for computer data storage and archiving developed by Sony. See http://www.aittape.com/ for more information.

Agent

The "client" program installed on a computer that assembles the backup and sends it to the Data Center. The Agent also provides end-users with an interface for retrieving backed-up files. There are separate Agents for PCs (Connected Backup/PC 8.0 and later, and Connected DataProtector/PC versions 6.1 - 7.5) and servers (Connected Backup 8.2 and later, and Connected DataProtector/SV 2.5). Support Center Technicians use Support Center to create Agents with different sets of features and permissions depending on each community's needs. For example, one community can have an Agent configured for automatic backups and prohibit users from editing their backup set, while another community's Agent is configured for user-initiated backups only and allows users to edit their backup set.

Agent Configuration Editor (ACE)

This tool was new in DataProtector 7.0 and replaced the Corporate Development Kit (CDK) used in versions 6.2 and earlier. ACE enables you to create different combinations or "configurations" of Legacy PC Agent features and permissions that you can use to create an Agent. Starting in Server Agent version 2.5 and PC Agent version 8.0, Support Center Technicians use Agent Settings instead of ACE to configure Agent features. Legacy PC Agents supported by the Data Center still utilize ACE.

Agent Log

The Agent log records information about Agent activity, such as data backup and retrieval. This includes the date and time that activity started and ended, the status of the activity and a brief description.

Agent Settings

Starting in Server Agent version 2.5 and PC Agent version 8.0, Agent Settings replace ACE as the method for configuring unique settings for Agent configurations. The Support Center Technician selects one Agent Settings for each Agent configuration. For Legacy PC Agents, you still use ACE to configure Agent settings.

Agent Setup

The program that installs the Agent. Agent Setups are created by Support Center Technicians using Support Center, or, starting with Agent version 8.0, by users using the Account Management Website.

Agent Status icon

Starting in version 8.1, an icon that can optionally appear in the Notification area to show whether or not a backup or restore process is currently in progress. The Agent Status icon includes a context-menu that lets users do the following: open the Agent user interface, manage their account using the Account Management Website (if enabled), start a backup, start a backup and then shut down their computer, cancel a backup, or view Agent version information.

Agent Versions

The version and language information for Agents. Support Center Technicians define Agent Versions at the community level, and they select one Agent Version for each Agent Configuration.

aggressive mode

After a failed backup, an Agent set to aggressive mode reattempts the backup until successful. This feature replaces opportunistic backup starting in Server Agent version 2.5 and PC Agent version 8.0. See also passive mode.

AIT

See Advanced Intelligent Tape.

AOK

A Web-based application used to monitor backup activity on several levels in versions prior to 6.1. AOK refers to the three organizational sections of the program: "Account, Organization, Knowledgebase" The Account screens access contact and billing information (if applicable) on each account, as well as password and encryption information. The Organization screens list all communities created at the Data Center, and enumerate the accounts associated with them. The Knowledgebase screens offer technical support on backup and restoration issues, networking, etc. Connected TLM 6.1 and later have replaced AOK with a Web-based application called Support Center.

Application event log

The Windows event log used by administrators to view diagnostic messages, warnings, and errors generated by applications.

archive set

The set of backup data received from a single account during a backup session. If the amount of data transmitted during the backup session is greater than 5MB, it is stored in multiple archive sets. Individual files are never split over archive files.

archive storage device

A general term for storage media consisting of tape or disk. Examples of archive storage devices include tape libraries, EMC Centera™ and Network Appliance Filers.

Asset Survey

A version 6.2 feature that allows asset discovery for all computers backing up to the Data Center. If the Agent is enabled for Asset Survey, hardware and software information for the computer is collected at regular intervals and stored within the Data Center environment. Starting in Agent version 8.0, this feature is no longer supported.

Audit

Optional feature that enables you to backup information about the local computer's hardware and software. The Agent performs Audit at the end of a backup session and records information about installed hardware devices, software, hardware and software upgrades, and the location of executable (*.exe) and dynamic link library (*.dll) files. To run Audit, the Agent must be configured to perform a backups using Full System File Selection. This feature was removed starting in Agent version 8.0.

automatic backup

A backup that occurs automatically based on a predefined schedule, regardless of whether the Agent user interface is open. See also manual backup.

Automatic File Selection

An ACE setting that, when enabled, instructs the Agent to backup and allow retrieval of data files only. To do this, the Agent relies on a set of Data Rules that determine which types of files are considered "data" files. See also Full System File Selection and manual file selection. Starting in Agent version 8.0, this feature was replaced by Data Only Backup.

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BackupHSM

The service that interacts with archive storage devices in response to requests from the HSMClient on behalf of other Data Center services.

BackupServer

The service that receives the archive sets sent by the Agent and writes them to the Data Center. BackupServer also handles requests from the Agent for file retrievals and all other Agent requests.

backup mode

Starting in Server Agent version 2.5 and PC Agent version 8.0, the backup mode determines how the Agent behaves when a backup fails. The backup mode can be aggressive or passive.

backup set

The files selected as candidates for backup by the Agent. These are marked with green checks in the Backup View or Backup Set tab of the Agent interface. All of these files may not necessarily be backed up; only those that have changed since the last backup will be included in the backup.

bandwidth throttling

A feature that lets you limit the amount of network bandwidth used by Agents during backups. You can set up bandwidth throttling schedules and throttle settings at the Data Center level and the community level.

bandwidth throttling schedule

For communities and Data Centers that throttle bandwidth during Agent backups, the bandwidth throttling schedule determines which time zone to use when applying bandwidth throttling, and which hours and days of the week are considered the Peak, Medium Peak, and Off Peak hours for network traffic.

Base file

The first-backed-up "original" of a file. See also Delta and Rebasing.

Base rules

A set of File Selection Rules that apply to an entire Data Center or community. Base rules determine which files to include or exclude during a backup session. Starting in Server Agent version 2.5 and PC Agent version 8.0, base rules are replaced by rule sets.

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canceled account

A user account whose status is canceled.

CDK

See Corporate Deployment Kit.

CD Maker

In Agent versions 7.5 and earlier, a program that collects and assembles backed-up data for an account and creates an account image. Optionally, the CD Maker can burn the account images onto a CD using third-party software. Support Center Technicians and in some cases users can initiate a request for a CD. CD requests are made either through the Agent interface or through Support Center. Starting in Server Agent version 2.5.1 and PC Agent version 8.0, this program is renamed DataBundler.

cluster

The short name for a clustered Data Center. A large-capacity Data Center configuration consisting of multiple (two or more) "clusters" of mirrored pairs and at least one registration server. Each mirrored pair provides backup services to a subset of the entire Data Center user community. All servers in a cluster share the same Registry database.

cluster server

A server or mirrored pair of servers in a clustered Data Center. A cluster server does not have a Registry database installed and therefore cannot accept new account registrations. See also, Registration Master.

clustered Data Center

A large-capacity Data Center configuration consisting of multiple (two or more) "clusters" of mirrored pairs and at least one registration server. Each mirrored pair provides backup services to a subset of the entire Data Center user community. All servers in a cluster share the same Registry database.

community

The basic organizational unit for accounts on the Data Center. Communities group accounts into units that can be managed collectively. When the Data Center is installed, one "default" community is created to receive new accounts. You can use Support Center to create new communities as needed, e.g., one for Marketing, one for Finance, and so on. Each community will have its own common registration number. When users subscribe using this registration number, their accounts are added to that community.

compaction

The process by which data is routinely cleaned off the Data Center by Compactor. The rate at which compaction occurs is configurable. The basic process includes identifying old files, marking them expired and deleting them from disk or tape. The compaction process is different on Data Centers that use tape libraries and HSM, and disk-only Data Centers. On disk-only Data Centers, Compactor expires and rebases files on disk only. On Data Centers that use tape libraries, Compactor also runs on tapes to expire files that reside only on tape.

When run on Data Centers that use tape libraries, only tapes that have passed their allowable age are compacted (the default age is 45 days past the date of first migration.) If tape that is past this threshold is found, Compactor unmigrates all archive sets for accounts, processes them on disk, then remigrates them to a new tape. Processing includes expiring files that are older than the preset limit, and rebasing the files. Tapes that have been unmigrated by Compactor are marked as "full" so no further data can be written to them.

Compactor

The storage optimization service that routinely clears expired files off Data Center servers. See Compaction for more information.

compression

The reduction of the size of data. Compression is used to reduce storage and amount of time it takes to transmit data. There are various compression algorithms. In version 7.0, the Agent uses the ZLIB compression algorithm to compress data before transmitting it to the Data Center. Versions 6.x and earlier use the PKWARE Data Compression Library.

configuration

The version, settings, and rule information that a Support Center Technician configures at the community level for one or more Agents. See also Legacy PC Configuration, Legacy Server Configuration, and PC Configuration.

Connected Backup/PC

A client/server solution for safe and efficient data backup for personal computers. The solution consists of an Agent (client), Data Center software (server), Account Management Website, Support Center, remote access applications, and a toolkit that contains Data Center maintenance and administration utilities.

Connected DataProtector/PC

For versions 7.5 and earlier of the PC Agent, the name of the client/server solution for safe and efficient data backup for personal computers. The solution consisted of an Agent (client), Data Center software (server), Web-based administration and remote access applications and a toolkit that contains Data Center maintenance and administration utilities. Starting with Agent version 8.0, the product name is changed to Connected Backup/PC.

Connected DataProtector/SV

For version 2.5 of the Server Agent, a client/server solution for safe and efficient data backup for servers. The solution consists of an Agent (client), Data Center software (server), Web-based administration and remote access applications and a toolkit that contains Data Center maintenance and administration utilities.

Connected EmailOptimizer

An optional feature that applies Iron Mountain's patented Delta Block technology to Microsoft Outlook and Lotus Notes e-mail files. Connected EmailOptimizer significantly reduces the amount of Data Center storage consumed by *.pst and *.nsf files.

Connected TLM

A client/server software solution for data backup that includes the Agent, Data Center software and Data Center administration tools. Starting with version 7.0, the product name is changed to Connected DataProtector. Starting with Agent version 8.0, the product name is changed to Connected Backup/PC.

Copy On Reference

A process that makes copies of files that have been backed up by more than one Agent (for more than one accounts). The files are copied to the SendOnce pool.

Corporate Deployment Kit

A package of applications used to customize various features of the Agent. Used in version 6.2 and earlier. ACE replaced CDK in versions 7.0 and later.

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data

General term meaning backed-up, archived or retrieved files. See also Archive Sets.

Data Center

General term for the software processes and storage devices comprising one server site. The Data Center is the repository for backed-up data and the source from which data is restored. Data Centers can be comprised of standalone servers, a mirrored pair of servers, or a cluster of one or more mirrored pairs.

Data Center Administrator

The individual responsible for the "back end" of the Data Center operation. The Data Center Administrator checks the Windows event logs and provides scheduled maintenance as described in the product documentation.

Data Center Management Console (DCMC)

A Microsoft Management Console snap-in that you can use to manage Data Center services.

Data Center server

One physical server in the Data Center. See also primary Data Center server and secondary Data Center server.

DataBundler

Starting in Server Agent version 2.5 and PC Agent version 8.0, this application replaces the CD Maker program. Its functionality remains the same; however, in addition to burning the account images onto a CD, you can burn images onto a DVD. For Legacy Server Agents and for PC with Server Option Agents, this application can also store the images in a Network Attached Storage (NAS) device.

DataCopier

Program for manually migrating tapes that are repaired, damaged, missing, or that have high mount counts. This program is also used to add new tape sets, and to add or rebuild mirror servers. (Data is replicated between mirrors only once, when it is first received by a Data Center server. If data is lost from one site, users may restore it from the copy remaining on the other site, but to recreate the "mirror image" the operator must copy the lost data manually from the unaffected site.)

Data Copier may also be used to unmigrate data from tape to disk.

Data Encryption Standard (DES)

A method of data encryption that uses a private 56-bit key to encrypt each 64-bit block of data. Encryption keys are chosen at random from 72 quadrillion possible keys. Triple-DES, a variant of DES, applies three encryption keys in succession to each block. Triple-DES provides 112-bit encryption, or twice that of DES. See also Advanced Encryption Standard (AES).

Data Migration

In version 6.2, Data Migration provided the ability to move all of the data files not included by the "defined set of applications" in PC Migration. Data Migration also permits moving the files to different locations on the target computer. In versions 7.0 and later, the functionality is still present, but it now works independently of PC Migration.

Data Only backup

A type of backup where only user-created files, such as documents and spreadsheets, are backed up. See also Full System backup.

data retention policy

A blanket, company-wide policy determining how long data may be stored on the Data Center.

Data Rules

In Agent versions earlier than 8.0, a set of file selection rules that are used by Agents configured for Automatic File Selection. Data rules determine which types of files are considered "data" files (versus system files) that are permitted to be backed up by the Agent. See also Base Rules and User Rules. Starting with Agent version 8.0, the data rules are replaced by rule sets.

DCAlerter

A Data Center service used to notify designated individuals when specific event occur on the Data Center.

DCMaint event log

The Windows event log that publishes Data Center diagnostic messages. Used for periodic maintenance and troubleshooting.

DefRules

See File Selection Rules.

Delta

The "difference" in data between a base file and its last backed-up version. By sending the delta to the Backup Server, rather than the entire file, the Agent keeps the backup transmission size small. (First backups are of the entire file, deltas are sent thereafter.) When retrieval is requested, the Data Center merges the base with the deltas according to the users request: latest version, all versions, etc.

The base file and its subsequently stored deltas are collectively called the "delta chain."

Delta Block

Technology created and patented by Iron Mountain Incorporated that enables the Agent to determine which blocks of data in a specific file have changed since its last backup.

Digital Linear Tape (DLT)

A magnetic tape and drive system that facilitates retrieval of large amounts of archived data at high speeds. A variant of DLT called SuperDLT is capable of storing and transmitting more information at a higher rate.

Digital Tape Format (DTF)

A magnetic tape technology developed by Sony.

Distributed AML Server (DAS)

Client/server technology by ADIC that provides shared access to Automatic Mixed-Media Libraries (AML).

drive exclusions

Part of a rule set, these are drives that the Agent will not back up. Excluded drives do not appear for selection in the Backup Set tab of the Agent user interface.

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EmailOptimizer

See Connected EmailOptimizer.

EMC Centera

A Content Addressed Storage (CAS) system created by EMC Corporation. Its hardware architecture is comprised of a Redundant Array of Independent Nodes (RAIN).

encryption

The process of writing data in such a way that it cannot be easily read or understood by unauthorized persons. A cipher and an algorithm are used to render the data unintelligible to anyone who does not possess the key required to decrypt it. (Decryption is the reverse process by which encrypted data is rendered back into its original form. During a backup session, the Agent encrypts data with the account's encryption key before it is transmitted to the Data Center. There are several levels of encryption available for use in the Agent. See also Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) and Data Encryption Standard (DES). Starting with Agent version 8.0, all backed up data is encrypted with 128-bit AES encryption.

encryption key

A key is a variable value used in the encryption and decryption of data. Every backup account has one encryption key. The encryption key is a series of letters and numbers, either randomly chosen or selected by the user. The encryption key is used to automatically encrypt and decrypt data on the user's computer. Once established, the encryption key for an account cannot be changed for the lifetime of the account. All data is encrypted on the user's computer by the Agent before it is transmitted to the Data Center. When files are retrieved from the Data Center, the Agent decrypts the data on the computer. Starting with version Agent 8.0, encryption keys are hidden.

event log

Logs of messages viewable in the Event Viewer.

expiration

For maximum efficiency, all data has an expiration date after which it can be safely cleaned off the Data Center (or compacted). Expiration refers to process by which the Compactor service locates and marks data "expired" and eligible for compaction. The object of file expiration is to preserve archive storage space and defragment storage media. The rules used to determine which data is expired is a configurable value. See also Setting Expiration Rules and Compaction.

expired data

Data that is older than the Data Center's set expiration parameters and therefore is eligible for deletion.

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File Selection Rules

An umbrella term to describe sets of rules that define which files are included and excluded for backup. File selection rules were referred to as "default rules" or "DefRules" in versions prior to 7.0. There are two categories of rules: those that restrict what types of files are permitted to be backed up (Data rules and FSR rules) and rules that restrict backup of specific files from specific communities or individuals (Base rules and User rules). Starting in Server Agent version 2.5 and PC Agent version 8.0, an account's default backup set is determined based on the rule set selected for that Agent.

File Sharing

For Agent versions prior to 8.0, an optional feature (configurable in ACE) that allows data backed up by one account to be retrieved by another account. The retrieving user must provide the encryption key and an account password, (if the account is password-protected) to retrieve files from another account.

Full System Backup

Refers to a backup that includes all data and system files, including the Windows Registry. For Agent versions earlier than 8.0, Agents configured for Full System File Selection are capable of backing up data and system files. Starting with Agent version 8.0, Agents configured to perform Full System backups in the Agent Settings will backup both data and system files. See also Data Only Backup.

Full System File Selection

For Agent versions prior to 8.0, an Agent configuration setting that, when enabled, permits the Agent to backup and allow retrieval of virtually all data and system files.

Full System Recovery (FSR) Rules

For Agent versions prior to 8.0, a set of file selection rules that are used by Agents configured for Full System File Selection. FSR rules define which types of data and system files to exclude from a full system backup.

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Hands-Free Install

An installation option that allows the Agent to be installed automatically on the user's computer without input from the user. To use Hands-Free Install, the Agent must be distributed using a software distribution package such as Tivoli TME 10, Computer Associates TNG, and Microsoft SMS.

Heal

A feature for Agents configured with Full System backup capability, that enables you to repair corrupted data and system files by restoring them from a previous successful Full System backup date. For versions earlier than 8.0, Heal is accessible in the Agent interface by clicking the Heal tab. A wizard is also available in the Agent's Heal tab view to help users perform heals on their own computers. Starting with Agent version 8.0, Heal is accessible in the Agent interface by selecting the Tools menu.

Heal Wizard

An interface accessible from Heal that guides users through the Heal process step by step, providing direction along the way.

Hierarchical Storage Manager (HSM)

A Data Center server component that enables you to monitor and manage any archive storage devices (such as tape libraries, EMC Centera™, etc.) configured for use with the Data Center. See also BackupHSM.

HSM

See Hierarchical Storage Manager.

HSMClient

Portion of HSM residing at the BackupServer and other services. BackupServer uses the HSMClient to request archive sets from BackupHSM.

HSMPurge

The Data Center service that migrates (copies) archive sets from disk to the archive storage device and, when necessary, purges (deletes) archive sets from disk in order to create free disk space.

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IndexServer

The Data Center service that indexes file and archive set information to database tables.

iRoam

For versions 7.5 and earlier, an optional feature that provides secure access to your backed up data via a Web interface. iRoam is accessible using any Web browser. You must have proper credentials to access and retrieve account data through iRoam. Starting with Agent version 8.0, iRoam is replaced by MyRoam.

iRoam server

For versions 7.5 and earlier, a server that hosts the iRoam Web application. This can be the same server that runs the Data Center software, or a separate server reserved for hosting other Web applications, such as Support Center. Starting with Agent version 8.0, iRoam is replaced by MyRoam and therefore runs on the Account Management Website server.

- K -

KnowledgeBase

Prior to version 7.0, a Web site that contained information for Technical Support personnel regarding the Agent and Agent issues. With the release of Connected DataProtector 7.0, the information previously found in the KnowledgeBase was merged with the Resource Center.

- L -

lazy replication

Replication mode that waits for the entire archive set to arrive on the Data Center server before replicating (copying) it to the mirror. Only used in versions prior to 7.0. See also queued replication and real-time replication.

Legacy PC Agent

In Connected Backup/PC version 8.0 and later, the term used for version 7.5.x and earlier Agents that run on a Microsoft Windows non-server operating system. See also Legacy PC Configuration.

Legacy PC Configuration

The components of a Legacy PC Agent, including the Agent Version, ACE Settings, Data Rules, and FSR Rules. Support Center Technicians use the Legacy PC Configurations node to access and manage this type of configuration.

Legacy Server Agent

In Connected Backup/PC version 8.2 and later, the term used for version 2.5.x Agents that run on a Microsoft Windows server operating system. See also Legacy Server Configuration.

Legacy Server Configuration

The components of a Legacy Server Agent, including the Agent Version, Agent Settings, and Rule Set. Support Center Technicians use the Legacy Server Configurations node to access and manage this type of configuration.

Linear Tape Open (LTO)

An open-standard tape technology developed and sold by a consortium of hardware manufacturers including Hewlett-Packard, IBM, and Seagate. The goal was to develop a tape technology that could be used on different manufacturer's hardware. Linear Tape Open has two formats: Accelis was designed for fast data access, while Ultrium was designed for greater storage capacity.

locked rules

Part of a Support Center rule set, a locked rule determines which files an Agent selects for backup. End users cannot edit or override a locked rule.

LTO

See Linear Tape Open.

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manual backup

Starting in Agent version 8.0, this term describes a backup that a user initiates by selecting the Backup Now button or command in the Agent user interface. See also automatic backup.

Manual File Selection

For versions earlier than 8.0, an Agent configuration setting that permits users to select which files to back up.

Mdate

The creation date (timestamp) of a file stored at the Data Center (that is, the last modified date of the file as shown in Windows Explorer). The Data Center refers to the date as a series of digits. Use the tdate.exe utility to translate this number (as well as tdates) into common xx/xx/xx format if necessary.

migration

Act of copying archive sets from a Data Center disk to an archive storage device. Migration occurs automatically when the disk space available to BackupServer shrinks below a pre-configured threshold. Available disk space is recovered after migration is completed and a separate purge process deletes the original archive sets from disk. This is unrelated to PC Migration, a separate process for copying files to a new computer.

migration password

A password used by Support Center Technicians to migrate multiple accounts. Using this password, a technician can migrate accounts without knowing each individual account�s password. The migration password can only be used with the PC Migration feature. In versions 6.2 and earlier, this was referred to as the Superuser Password.

mirror

The second server of a mirrored pair of Data Center servers. The mirrors have equal storage functionality, identical SQL databases, and stored archive sets. They are kept identical by the replication process. When data is received by one site it is concurrently sent to the other site. A mirror may contain the same archive sets, but they are not necessarily stored in the same location as the primary server. Archive sets may be migrated to an archive storage device at different rates, and stored on different tape numbers (if tape is used) as required by the individual Data Center.

mirrored pair

A pair of Data Center servers that replicate to each other and are referred to as each other's mirror.

MyRoam

Part of the Account Management Website, this application allows users to retrieve backed-up files from a computer with a Web browser, but no Agent installed. MyRoam is available for version 8.0 and later Agents only.

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NAS

See network-attached storage.

Network Appliance

Manufacturer of high-performance multi-protocol file servers or filers and caching appliances, providing network-attached storage.

network-attached storage

Hard-disk storage device (such as a RAID system) that has its own network address on the LAN. See also Storage Area Network (SAN).

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opportunistic backup

For Agent versions earlier than 7.5, a type of scheduled backup that occurs when the Agent detects that the user's computer is once again attached to the network after being disconnected for some set length of time. See also scheduled backup and user-initiated backup. Starting in Server Agent version 2.5 and PC Agent version 8.0, this feature is replaced by aggressive and passive backup modes.

- P -

passive mode

For versions 8.0 and later, after a failed backup an Agent set to passive mode will not attempt another backup until the next scheduled automatic backup or until a user manually initiates a backup. See also aggressive mode.

Password

See account password.

PC Agent

An Agent that runs on a Microsoft Windows non-server operating system. Starting in Connected Backup/PC v8.0, PC Agent versions 7.5.x and earlier are renamed Legacy PC Agents. In Support Center, use the Configurations node or the Legacy PC Configurations node to add or edit this type of Agent configuration.

PC Configuration

The components of a PC Agent or PC with Server Option Agent, including the Agent Version, Agent Settings, Website Settings, and Rule Set. Support Center Technicians define PC Configurations at the community level using the Configurations node. A setting in the Agent Settings determines whether a PC Configuration is for a PC Agent or a PC with Server Option Agent.

PC Migration

A feature in version 6.2 that lets the Administrator use the Agent to migrate the personality of a source computer to a target computer where the source is the user�s computer to be replaced and the target is the new computer provided to the user. A computer�s personality is composed of items such as application settings, desktop themes, mouse settings, as well as application data. Starting in Agent version 8.0, this feature is no longer supported.

PC with Server Option Agent

Starting in Connected Backup/PC v8.2, an Agent that runs on a Microsoft Windows server operating system. In Support Center, use the PC Configurations node to add or edit this type of Agent. See also Legacy Server Agent.

PC with Server Option Configuration

See PC Configuration. A setting in the Agent Settings determines whether a PC Configuration is for a PC Agent or a PC with Server Option Agent.

Personality

User choices, preferences and information collected over the lifecycle of the computer. This set of information was recorded and backed up using the Personality Capture feature in versions 6.1 and 6.2.

Personality Capture

In versions 6.0-6.2, a feature by which Agents with the PC Migration module enabled identifies the computer's personality and back it up. Starting with version 8.0, the Data Center no longer supports this feature.

Personality Infusion

In versions 6.0-6.2, the feature by which an Agent with the PC Migration module enabled restores the computer's personality and data files. Starting with version 8.0.3 of the Data Center, the Data Center no longer supports this feature for legacy PC Agents.

Pool

See SendOnce pool.

PoolServer

The Data Center service that maintains the shared file pool used to implement SendOnce technology

primary Data Center server

This term has two distinct meanings. When used in the context of the Agent, the primary Data Center is the server to which an Agent will attempt to connect to first to initiate a backup session. Primary Data Center also refers to the first of a mirrored pair of servers to be installed and configured as a Data Center server. See also secondary Data Center server.

primary server

See primary Data Center server.

Primary Tape Set

The set of backup tapes that remain in the tape library at all times.

purge

Purge is a process that occurs on the Data Center, when available disk space shrinks under a configurable "purge threshold" setting. To free more disk space and increase capacity on the Data Center, this process deletes the "original" on-disk copies of archive sets that have been migrated to tape storage. After an archive set is purged from the Data Center server's disk, it is only available on tape or other archive storage device.

Starting in version 8.1 of Connected Backup/PC, Purge is also a method by which an EMC Centera device can immediately delete expired archived file sets when Compaction runs, instead of waiting for Garbage Collection to delete those files.

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queued replication

Mode of replication where all items (archive sets, databases) that are to be copied to the mirror are held until the replication mode is changed to lazy or real-time. Only used in versions prior to 7.0.

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RAID

See Redundant Array of Independent Disks (RAID).

real-time replication

Mode of replication that does not wait for an entire archive set to arrive on the Data Center server before copying it to the mirror. Real-time replication copies over the contents of the archive set bit by bit as it is transmitted by the Agent. Only used in versions prior to 7.0. See also lazy replication and queued replication.

rebasing

Process of updating a base file to a more recent revision. Compactor is the Data Center service that performs rebasing on a routine basis. Rebasing occurs automatically as older deltas are expired. The expired deltas are merged with the old base file to create a new base file.

recovery

See Account Recovery.

Redundant Array of Independent Disks (RAID)

A means of storing the same data in multiple locations, thereby making it less vulnerable through redundant storage.

registration

In Agent versions prior to 8.0, process by which an account is established at the Data Center during Agent installation on a computer. Registration requires either a registration number or ticket, and an account password, if used. Starting in Agent version 8.0, users enter a link to the Account Management Website to register their own account and download an Agent installer.

registration number

In Agent versions prior to 8.0, a number used during registration to identify the community the Agent should register with. The number (and a two-part password) is produced when a community is created. A sample registration number looks like this:

00345-42185

registration server

A Data Center server that accepts registrations of new users accounts.

Registration Master

A server or mirrored pair of servers in a clustered Data Center. The Registration Master servers have the Registry database installed and therefore accept new account registrations. See also, cluster server.

remigrate

In versions prior to 7.0, the compaction process that moves archive sets from one tape to another tape in order to optimize tape utilization. See also unmigrate.

Remote Assist

In Agent versions 6.2 and earlier, an optional feature in Support Center that lets technicians remotely control a user's computer in order to perform diagnostics and repair the user's system.

replication

The process by which data backed up to one Data Center server is copied to that server's mirror. Database table rows created on the server that contain information about the backed up data are also copied to the mirror. In Agent versions prior to 7.0, several modes of data replication are used, including lazy replication, queued replication, and real-time replication.

ReplicationServer

The Data Center service that runs the replication process. ReplicationServer only runs on mirrored and clustered Data Center servers, and is responsible for continuously replicating new archive sets, database table rows and Agent configurations.

Retrieve

Act of requesting backed-up data to be returned to a computer. Use the Retrieve feature to obtain backed up copies of one or more selected data files. To restore damaged or corrupted data and system files, use Heal.

revision

A version of a backed-up file (either a delta or a base), that reflects the change history of the file as it was backed up.

rule set

Starting in Server Agent version 2.5 and PC Agent version 8.0, rule sets replace FSR Rules and Data Rules. A rule set is a collection of rules that the Agent uses to select files for backup or Heal. Each Agent has a single rule set associated with it. A rule set consists of drive exclusions, locked rules, and unlocked rules. Support Center Technicians use Support Center to create rule sets.

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SAN

See Storage Area Network.

scheduled backup

A backup that occurs automatically at a scheduled time set within the Agent. See also opportunistic backup and user-initiated backup.

secondary Data Center server

This term has two distinct meanings. When used in the context of the Agent, the primary Data Center is the server to which an Agent will attempt to connect to only if it is unable to connect to its designated primary Data Center server. Secondary Data Center also refers to the second of a mirrored pair of servers to be installed and configured as a Data Center server.

secondary server

See secondary Data Center server.

Secondary Tape Set

A set of backup tapes that can be removed from the tape library. Secondary tape sets can be stored in an offsite location to protect data in the event of a catastrophe at the Data Center site.

SendOnce

Technology that allows common files to be stored in the original contributor�s archive set, and then in a SendOnce pool, preventing extra copies of common files from being stored in multiple user archives. This optimizes the Data Center�s storage capacity and reduces data transmission time. See also Copy on Reference.

SendOnce Pool

Refers to a group of pooled files that facilitates the backup and retrieval of commonly-used files. Before the Agent transmits an archive set to the Data Center, the BackupServer service on the Data Center checks to see whether any files in the archive set are already pooled at the Data Center. If an identical copy of the file already exists in the shared pool, a virtual pointer is saved pointing to the file in the shared pool. This eliminates the need to send yet another copy of the same file to the Data Center, and maximizes the amount of free disk space available on the Data Center.

A file is copied to the pool whenever another archive set references it with a pointer. In order for a file to be eligible for the pool, the encryption key for the account holder who owns the prospective file must be escrowed at the Data Center.

Server Agent

In version 8.1 and earlier, a version 2.5.x Agent that runs on a Microsoft Windows server operating system. Starting in Connected Backup/PC v8.2, Server Agents are renamed Legacy Server Agents, and a new PC with Server Option Agent type is available.

Server Configuration

In version 8.1 and earlier, the components of a version 2.5.x Server Agent, including the Agent Version, Agent Settings, and Rule Set. Support Center Technicians define Server Configurations at the community level. Starting in Connected Backup/PC version 8.2, Server Configurations are renamed Legacy Server Configurations, and a new Server Agent type - PC with Server Option - is available.

Shredder

In versions 6.0 and earlier, Shredder was a program responsible for file expiration and deletion. In versions 6.1 and later, it was replaced by Compactor.

SQL

See Structured Query Language.

standalone

An unmirrored Data Center with one Data Center server that accepts backups from Agents and an optional Web server for hosting iRoam (Agent versions earlier than 8.0), Account Management Website (Agent version 8.0 and later) and Support Center. Due to the lack of fail-over security, standalone configurations do not provide the same level of protection as mirrored or clustered Data Center configurations.

Storage Area Network

A specialized, high-speed network of data storage devices that facilitates very fast access to stored data.

Structured Query Language (SQL)

A standard interactive and programming language used to get information to and from a relational database.

subcommunity

A community created within a community on Support Center. Subcommunities may be used to further organize accounts into manageable groups. For example, accounts may be grouped into subcommunities by department, computer hardware (such as laptop and desktop systems), or geographic location.

Superuser Password

A password used by technicians to migrate multiple accounts. Using this password, a technician can migrate accounts without knowing each individual account�s password. The superuser password can only be used with the PC Migration feature. In versions 7.0 and later, this is now referred to as the migration password.

Support Center

A Web-based application that allows users of version 6.1 and later to manage communities and accounts, create and deploy Agents, and run reports to monitor backup activity. This application replaced the AOK tool used in earlier versions.

Support Center server

The server on which Support Center is installed. This may be a Data Center server, or a separate Web server designated for hosting Web-based applications.

Support Center Technician

An individual who manages the overall tasks of the backup operation: using Support Center to create and administer accounts and communities, and using Support Center to create and manage the Agent configurations tailored for various needs. The Support Center Technician may also provide technical support to end users and create management reports in Support Center to track user activity.

Symlink

A pointer that the Agent establishes to a file already on the Data Center which has the same content, but different filename or location, as a file being backed up.

System event log

Windows event log used by technical support that contains status, error and other diagnostic messages that pertain to the local system.

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tape

A readable and writable external storage medium commonly used for storing backed-up data. There are several different tape technologies available, including Advanced Intelligent Tape (AIT), Digital Linear Tape (DLT), Super DLT, Linear Tape Open (LTO) and Digital Tape Format (DTF). Tape libraries are commonly used in conjunction with a Data Center to provide an extra level data protection.

Tape Account Group

A designation within the Hierarchical Storage Manager (HSM) that keeps selected user accounts' data together on tape, and is consistent across mirrored Data Center servers. During compaction, Compactor selects accounts by tape account group for greater efficiency. See also Tape Group.

Tape Group

A designation within the Hierarchical Storage Manager (HSM) that keeps a community's data separate from other communities on tape. See also Tape Account Group.

tape library

A device containing multiple tape drives that is used for archive storage.

tape set

A group of backup tapes that, together, contain all of the data for a given Data Center. See also Primary Tape Set and Secondary Tape Set.

Tdate

The date of backup transmission of a file stored at the Data Center. The Data Center software refers to the date as a 10-digit number of seconds since January 1st, 1970. The tdate.exe utility translates Tdates into common mm/dd/yy format if necessary.

Tdate.exe

Small utility in the Data Center directory that translates tdates and mdates into readable date format.

throttle schedule

For communities and Data Centers that throttle bandwidth during Agent backups, a throttle setting consists of the following: the IP ranges to which the bandwidth throttling applies, the bandwidth throttling schedule to use, the network speed, and the bandwidth throttling limits. Bandwidth throttling limits include minimum bandwidth per Agent, maximum bandwidth per Agent during the Peak, Medium Peak, and Off Peak time periods, and maximum shared bandwidth for all Agents during the Peak, Medium Peak, and Off Peak time periods.

Ticket

A uniquely-generated ID number that, when employed with an Agent configured to use tickets, ensures that the Agent Setup will only establish one account, for the owner of the ticket. (If tickets are not used, an Agent may establish multiple accounts, one per computer, as long a valid registration number is used.)

Tickets are generated for a selected community as blank tickets. The blank ticket consists of a unique ID number and an encryption code. The blank tickets are read into the Ticket Machine, where they can be assigned to individual users as necessary. See also registration and registration number. Starting in Agent version 8.0, tickets are replaced by account reservations.

Ticket Machine

The application that creates tickets used for registration that requires tickets. The Ticket Machine can e-mail tickets to individual users in bulk to use with the Agent Setup program.

Truename

Refers to the SQL column for SendOnce technology code.

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Unlocked Rules

Part of a Support Center rule set, an unlocked rule determines which files an Agent selects for backup. End users cannot edit an unlocked rule; however, they may override an unlocked rule if they have permission to edit their backup set.

Unmigrate

The process of copying archive sets that have been migrated to an archive storage device back to disk. If a request to restore an archive set that is only available on tape is received (for example, it has been migrated to tape and its original copy purged from disk), HSM unmigrates the archive set back to disk where it can be processed.

Unmigration is performed by Compactor, the optimization utility which compacts data and defragments media. When a tape account group is selected for compaction, archive sets for all accounts in the tape account group are unmigrated to disk, so that older archive sets may be expired and the rebased data may be remigrated to a different tape in a contiguous stream.

user-created rules

Starting with Agent version 8.0, users with permission to edit their backup set can use the Agent user interface to add user-created rules to their local rule set. A user-created rule determines which files the Agent selects for backup. Users can add user-created rules two ways: by selecting and deselecting files in the Backup Set tab, and by using the Advanced Rules window. User-created rules cannot override any of the rule set's locked rules, but they may override unlocked rules.

user-initiated backup

A backup session started manually by the user. See also opportunistic backup and scheduled backup.

User rules

A set of File Selection Rules that are used in specific Agent configurations to further define which types of files should be included or excluded during a backup session. User rules can be used to override inclusions or exclusions defined in the Base rules. Starting in Server Agent version 2.5 and PC Agent version 8.0, user rules are replaced by rule sets.

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VSS (Microsoft Volume Shadow Copy Service)

Starting with Agent version 8.0, the Agent uses this service to back up open files on Windows XP Agents with at least one NTSF partition.

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Website Settings

Starting with Agent version 8.0, Website Settings contain the settings that determine how the Account Management Website will work with Agents. The Support Center Technician selects one Website Settings for each PC Configuration.

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ZLIB

A lossless data compression library used by the Agent to compress data before transmitting it to the Data Center.